11/14/2023 0 Comments Double pupil pupula duplex![]() Considerations for surgery are surgical correction, intraocular surgery, and/or reapproximation, as if it was being treated for glaucoma or retinal detachment. Not all cases are treated for this iris abnormality, but when cases are treated the only treatment is surgical procedure and life-long ocular monitoring that is highly recommended. Polycoria has been linked to hereditary genetics, and also associated with polar cataracts, glaucoma, and retinal detachment. Polar cataracts will also be present in this condition where a round, opaque malformation of distorted lens fibers is located in the central posterior part of the lens showing disformality. When the iris becomes deformed, it will disarrange the control of light coming in leading to blurred vision and finding it hard to visually focus. On diagnosis, signs lead to symptoms where there is more than one set of iris muscles, which controls the amount of light being brought into the eye. The crypts are little squiggly lines that radiate out around the pupil with this condition, thick round or oval openings can be seen. The iris becomes hypoplastic, making abnormally shaped pupils with prominent crypts. Upon gross examination the patient will typically have excessively long eyelashes. This condition results in abnormal eye development affecting both eyes or just one. Signs can be present as a child however, the patient may be diagnosed later in their life. The iris and the pupil become less effective. When a patient is diagnosed with polycoria, the signs and symptoms shown are associated with ocular and adnexal growth abnormalities. Pseudopolycoria consists of splitting of the iris that are not contingent with the sphincter muscles at the root of the iris. Pseudopolycoria is often associated with Seckel syndrome, posterior polymorphous dystrophy, and juvenile glaucoma. The extra pupil in pseudopolycoria is different than the extra pupil in true polycoria because it shows defects that are independent of the sphincter muscles. In cases of pseudopolycoria there is a "passive constriction" that differentiates the extra pupil from the true pupil during constriction and dilation. ![]() Often "true polycoria" is used when it in fact is a case of pseudopolycoria.Īlthough less rare than true polycoria, pseudopolycoria is still very uncommon. It is said that the term "true polycoria" is overused, and used correctly when addressing congenital deformations of the iris. A patient with true polycoria experiences handicapped vision as well as stimulation of the retina in response to bright lights. In an eye without polycoria, the sphincter muscle is a part of the iris that functions to constrict and dilate the pupil. In cases of true polycoria there is an intact sphincter muscle, which contracts and dilates the pupils. To be considered true polycoria the extra pupil and the principal pupil must dilate and contract simultaneously with triggers such as light and administered drugs. In cases of true polycoria, there is an extra pupil that tends to be reactive to light and medication. There are no known or proposed trends in the occurrences of polycoria based on geographical location, age, gender, or season. The two kinds of polycoria are true polycoria and false pseudopolycoria. The prevalence of true polycoria is minimal. There have been cases diagnosed from age 3 to adulthood. These include (although not often) polar cataracts, glaucoma, abnormally long eyelashes, abnormal eye development, and poor vision. The general cause of polycoria is unknown, but there are some other eye conditions that are in association with polycoria. Polycoria is often congenital, however not diagnosed until adulthood. Polycoria is extremely rare, and other conditions are frequently mistaken for it. In the early history of China, double pupils were seen as a sign that a child would become a great king or sage. It results in decreased function of the iris and pupil, affecting the physical eye and visualization. It may be congenital or result from a disease affecting the iris. Polycoria is a pathological condition of the eye characterized by more than one pupillary opening in the iris.
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